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Glossary

AMLD: Anti-Money Laundering Directive

February 5, 2026

What the EU Anti-Money Laundering Directives are and how they shape European KYB and beneficial ownership requirements.

The Anti-Money Laundering Directives (AMLD) are European Union directives establishing AML/CFT requirements across member states.

AMLD Evolution

AMLD4

AMLD5

  • Year: 2018
  • Key Additions: Public access to UBO registers, virtual currency coverage

AMLD6

  • Year: 2020
  • Key Additions: Harmonized criminal penalties, extended predicate offenses

Key AMLD Requirements

Beneficial Ownership Registers

EU member states must maintain registers of beneficial owners for companies formed in their jurisdiction.

Customer Due Diligence

Enhanced Due Diligence

Required for: - PEPs - High-risk third countries - Complex ownership structures

The Future: AMLR and AMLA

The EU is moving toward: - AMLR: Directly applicable AML Regulation (not just directive) - AMLA: New centralized AML Authority to supervise high-risk entities

AMLD and KYB

For organizations operating in Europe, AMLD requirements shape KYB programs—often with stricter beneficial ownership and CDD requirements than US regulations.


Related: AML | UBO | EDD